Search results for "background [gravitational radiation]"

showing 10 items of 152 documents

Interacting dark energy in a closed universe

2020

Recent measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Anisotropies power spectra measured by the Planck satellite show a preference for a closed universe at more than $99 \%$ Confidence Level. Such a scenario is however in disagreement with several low redshift observables, including luminosity distances of Type Ia Supernovae. Here we show that Interacting Dark Energy (IDE) models can ease the discrepancies between Planck and Supernovae Ia data in a closed Universe. Therefore IDE cosmologies remain as very appealing scenarios, as they can provide the solution to a number of observational tensions in different fiducial cosmologies. The results presented here strongly favour broader analyses of cosmolo…

High Energy Physics - TheoryCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)media_common.quotation_subjectCosmic background radiationFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysics01 natural sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyLuminositysymbols.namesakeHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Vacuum energy0103 physical sciencesPlanckFlatness (cosmology)010303 astronomy & astrophysicsmedia_commonPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsUniverseRedshiftHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Space and Planetary SciencesymbolsDark energyAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic AstrophysicsMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters
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Revising the Predictions of Inflation for the Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies

2009

4 pages, 1 figure.-- PACS nrs.: 98.70.Vc; 11.10.Gh; 98.80.Cq.-- ArXiv pre-print available at: http://arxiv.org/abs/0901.0439

High Energy Physics - TheoryParticle physicsCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)Scalar (mathematics)Cosmic microwave backgroundFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)[PACS] Cosmic background radiations01 natural sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologySpectral lineRenormalizationHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)[PACS] Particle-theory and field-theory models of the early UniverseQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesQuantum field theory010306 general physicsPhysicsInflation (cosmology)010308 nuclear & particles physicsSpectral densityCMB cold spot3. Good healthHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology[PACS] Renormalization in quantum field theoryHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic AstrophysicsPhysical Review Letters
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Bimetric truncations for quantum Einstein gravity and asymptotic safety

2010

In the average action approach to the quantization of gravity the fundamental requirement of "background independence" is met by actually introducing a background metric but leaving it completely arbitrary. The associated Wilsonian renormalization group defines a coarse graining flow on a theory space of functionals which, besides the dynamical metric, depend explicitly on the background metric. All solutions to the truncated flow equations known to date have a trivial background field dependence only, namely via the classical gauge fixing term. In this paper we analyze a number of conceptual issues related to the bimetric character of the gravitational average action and explore a first no…

High Energy Physics - TheoryPhysicsAsymptotic safety in quantum gravityFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Cosmological constantGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyRenormalizationGravitationHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Quantum gravityBackground independenceCosmological constant problemMathematical physicsGauge fixingAnnals of Physics
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Thermal lens spectrometry in biochemical analysis.

1994

The photothermal spectroscopic techniques, with special emphasis on the thermal lens spectrometry (TLS), are introduced to the non-specialist in laser spectroscopy. The following topics are treated on an elementary basis: fundamentals and analytical characteristics, instrumentation, selectivity and multi-wavelength capability, the models describing the signal-concentration relationship, the sensitivity, background noise and limits of detection, the influence of light scattering and flow. Applications related to the fields of clinical and biochemical analysis and organic pollution are given. The thermal lens circular dichroism and the infrared TLS are also briefly outlined.

Hot TemperatureSpectrophotometry InfraredInfraredbusiness.industryChemistryCircular DichroismLasersBiophysicsPhysics::OpticsPhotothermal therapyLaserMass spectrometryBiochemistryLight scatteringlaw.inventionBackground noiseLens (optics)OpticslawSpectrophotometryScattering RadiationSpectroscopybusinessJournal of biochemical and biophysical methods
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Seismic Network Evaluation through Simulation: An Application to the Italian National Seismic Network

2011

Abstract A properly organized seismic network is a valuable tool for monitoring seismic zones and assessing seismic hazards. In this paper we propose a new method (seismic network evaluation through simulation, SNES) to evaluate the performance of hypocenter location of a seismic network. The SNES method gives, as a function of magnitude, hypocentral depth, and confidence level, the spatial distribution of the number of active stations in the location procedure and their relative azimuthal gaps, along with confidence intervals in hypocentral parameters. The application of the SNES method also permits evaluation of the magnitude of completeness ( M C ), the background noise levels at the sta…

HypocenterSettore GEO/10 - Geofisica Della Terra Solidaseismic network localization errorMagnitude (mathematics)Seismic noiseInduced seismicityBackground noisePlate tectonicsGeophysicsGeochemistry and PetrologyLithosphereEpicenterSeismologyGeologyBulletin of the Seismological Society of America
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Impact of general reionization scenarios on extraction of inflationary parameters

2010

Determination of whether the Harrison-Zel'dovich spectrum for primordial scalar perturbations is consistent with observations is sensitive to assumptions about the reionization scenario. In light of this result, we revisit constraints on inflationary models using more general reionization scenarios. While the bounds on the tensor-to-scalar ratio are largely unmodified, when different reionization schemes are addressed, hybrid models are back into the inflationary game. In the general reionization picture, we reconstruct both the shape and amplitude of the inflaton potential. We discuss how relaxing the simple reionization restriction affects the reconstruction of the potential through the c…

Inflation (cosmology)PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)Cosmic microwave backgroundCosmic background radiationAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsSpectral densityFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsInflatonCMB cold spotCosmologyGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyFísica nuclearReionizationAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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Management of Bleeding Complications in Virtual Reality Laparoscopy

2019

The aim of this study was to compare the impact of induced bleeding complication training with regular training on a virtual reality laparoscopic (VRL) simulator. Although bleeding complications occur rarely during laparoscopic surgery, they usually arise without warning and may have severe consequences for the patient because complication management training is not currently widespread. Third-year medical students (n = 41) were randomly selected for 2 curricular courses on how to perform a bimanual task on a VRL simulator. Both the regular training group (RTG) and the induced bleeding complication training (ICT) group performed 2 regular training sessions and 9 training sessions. For the I…

Laparoscopic surgerymedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmenteducationBackground dataManagement trainingVirtual realityTask (project management)03 medical and health sciencesBleeding complication0302 clinical medicine030220 oncology & carcinogenesismedicinePhysical therapySurgery030212 general & internal medicinebusinessComplicationLaparoscopyInternational Surgery
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Fitness costs of increased cataract frequency and cumulative radiation dose in natural mammalian populations from Chernobyl

2015

AbstractA cataract is a clouding of the lens that reduces light transmission to the retina and it decreases the visual acuity of the bearer. The prevalence of cataracts in natural populations of mammals and their potential ecological significance, is poorly known. Cataracts have been reported to arise from high levels of oxidative stress and a major cause of oxidative stress is ionizing radiation. We investigated whether elevated frequencies of cataracts are found in eyes of bank voles Myodes glareolus collected from natural populations in areas with varying levels of background radiation in Chernobyl. We found high frequencies of cataracts in voles collected from different areas in Chernob…

Male0301 basic medicineVisual acuitygenetic structuresOffspringtaustasäteilyPhysiology010501 environmental sciencesRadiation DosageChernobyl Nuclear Accidentmedicine.disease_cause01 natural sciencesArticleIonizing radiationChernobylToxicology03 medical and health sciencesbackground radiationCataractskaihiRadiation IonizingMyodes glareolusmedicineAnimalsbank voleRadiation Injuries0105 earth and related environmental sciencesMammalsMultidisciplinarybiologyArvicolinaeRadiation dosemedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationeye diseasesfitness costs030104 developmental biologyChernobyl Nuclear AccidentArvicolinaecataractta1181Femalesense organsmedicine.symptomradiation doseOxidative stressScientific Reports
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Frequency of dicentrics and contamination levels in Ukrainian children and adolescents from areas near Chernobyl 20 years after the nuclear plant acc…

2013

International audience; Purpose To survey the possible presence of chromosomal damage and internal contamination in a group of Ukrainian children and adolescents, 20 years after the Chernobyl accident at the Nuclear Power Plant. Materials and methods Cytogenetical procedures were performed according to dicentric assay in 55 Ukrainian children and adolescents (29 boys and 26 girls), living near Chernobyl. In addition, a whole body detector and urinalysis were used to detect internal contamination. Results 36 dicentrics were found in a total of 53,477 metaphases scored in these children, which reflected a frequency of dicentrics below the background level. On the other hand, internal contamin…

MaleAdolescentUkrainian[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]educationNuclear plantChernobyl Nuclear AccidentRadiation Dosage030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciencesDicentric chromosome0302 clinical medicineRadiation OverexposureEnvironmental healthDosimetryMedicineChromosomes HumanHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingChildChromosome AberrationsRadiological and Ultrasound Technologybusiness.industryContaminationlanguage.human_languagehumanities3. Good healthBackground levelChernobyl Nuclear Accident030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCytogenetic AnalysislanguageBody BurdenFemaleNuclear medicinebusinessUkraineInternational journal of radiation biology
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Epidemiology of Overuse Injuries in Youth Team Sports: A 3-year Prospective Study

2017

AbstractProspective studies on overuse injuries and their impact on athletic training among youth team sports are scarce. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence, severity and player related risk factors of overuse injuries among young (12–20 years) basketball and floorball players. A total of 387 players participated in a 3-year prospective study. Each player completed a baseline questionnaire regarding their background information. Overuse injuries that prevented players to fully or partly participate in their regular training were collected. In all, 204 overuse injuries were registered (injury incidence 1.51 injuries/1 000 h of exposure; 95% CI 1.35–1.78). Most of the …

MaleBackground informationmedicine.medical_specialtyBasketballAdolescentCumulative Trauma DisordersPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationBasketballRate ratioYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesAthletic training0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsEpidemiologymedicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineProspective StudiesYoung adultChildProspective cohort studyFinland030222 orthopedicsbusiness.industryIncidenceIncidence (epidemiology)Youth Sports030229 sport sciencesAthletic InjuriesPhysical therapyFemalebusinesshuman activitiesInternational Journal of Sports Medicine
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